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queen mother
A Queen mother is a dowager queen who was the mother of the reigning monarch (or an empress mother in the case of an emperor).〔A ''queen mother'' is defined as "A Queen dowager who is the mother of the reigning sovereign" by both the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' and ''Webster's Third New International Dictionary''.〕 The term has been used in English since at least 1577.〔''Oxford English Dictionary''〕 It arises in hereditary monarchies in Europe and is also used to describe a number of similar yet distinct monarchical concepts in non-European cultures around the world.
"''The'' Queen Mother" usually refers to Elizabeth The Queen Mother, 1900–2002 (queen, 1936–1952; queen mother, 1952–2002), who was the mother of Queen Elizabeth II, and held the status of queen mother for 50 years.
==Status==
A widowed queen consort, or dowager queen, has an important royal position (regardless whether or not she is the mother of the reigning sovereign) but does not normally have any rights to succeed a king as monarch on his death unless she happens to be next in line to the throne (one possibility would be if the King and Queen were also cousins and childless, the King had no other siblings, and she in her other position as his cousin was also his heiress presumptive).
A new reigning king would have (at accession or eventually) a wife who would be the new queen consort; and, of course, a queen regnant would also be called 'queen'. More to the point, there may be more than one queen dowager at any given time.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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